St. Augustine, Homily 200 for the Epiphany
Magi come from the East to adore the Virgin's
Child. Today we celebrate this event; we pay our respects and deliver a sermon
in keeping with the feast. This day first shone resplendently for the Magi; its
anniversary is renewed by us with a festal rejoicing. They were the
first-fruits of the Gentiles; we are a nation of Gen- tiles. The words of
Apostles announced His birth to us; a star was, as it were, the language of
heaven for them; like the heavens, therefore, the Apostles announced the glory
of God to us. Why should we not recognize as heavens those who have become the
abode of God, as it is written: The soul of the just is the seat of wisdom?
[Wis. 71] For, through these heavens [the Apostles], the One who made and who
dwells in the heavens has sounded forth. The earth trembled at the sound and
now, behold, it believes. O mighty mystery! The Lord lay in a manger, yet He
drew the Magi from the East. He was hidden in a stable, yet He was acknowledged
in the heavens, so that, thus recognized in the heavens, He might be manifested
in the stable and that this day might be called the Epiphany or, in the Latin
derivative, the Manifestation. Thus, at one and the same time, He set His seal
of approval on His high and His lowly estate, so that He to whom the heavens
bore witness by a starry sign might, when sought, be found in an insignificant
dwelling where, helpless in His tiny frame and wrapped in swaddling clothes, He
might be adored by the Magi and feared by the wicked.
Now, then, my dearly beloved sons and heirs of
grace, look to your vocation and, since Christ has been revealed to both Jews
and Gentiles as the cornerstone, cling together with most constant affection.
For He was manifested in the very cradle of His infancy to those who were near
and to those who were afar—to the Jews whose shepherds were nearby; to the
Gentiles whose M gi were at a great distance. The former came to Him on the
very day of His birth; the latter are believed to have come on this day. He was
not revealed, therefore, to the shepherds because they were learned, nor to the
Magi because they were righteous, for ignorance abounds in the rusticity of
shepherds and impiety amid the sacrileges of the Magi. He, the cornerstone,
joined both groups to Himself since He came to choose the foolish things of the
world in order to put to shame the wise and to call sinners, not the just [Mt.
9, 13], so that the mighty would not be lifted up nor the lowly be in despair.
Vesperas I & Laudes:
Prudentius
From
Cantus XII of The Cathemerinon.
Quicúmque
Christum quæritis, (1)
óculos
in altum tóllite:
illic
licébit vísere
signum
perénnis glóriæ.
Hæc
stella, quæ solis rotam
vincit
decóre ac lúmine,
venísse
terris núntiat
cum
carne terréstri Deum.
En,
Pérsici ex orbis sinu,
sol
unde sumit iánuam,
cernunt
períti intérpretes
regále
vexíllum magi.
«Quis
iste tantus — ínquiunt —
regnátor
astris ímperans,
quem
sic tremunt cæléstia,
cui
lux et æthra insérviunt?
Illústre
quiddam cérnimus
quod
nésciat finem pati,
sublíme,
celsum, intérminum,
antíquius
cælo et chao.
Hic
ille rex est géntium
populíque
rex Iudáici,
promíssus
Abrahæ patri
eiúsque
in ævum sémini».
Iesu,
tibi sit glória,
qui
te revélas géntibus,
cum
Patre et almo Spíritu,
in
sempitérna sæcula. Amen.
All you who seek Christ, raise your eyes to the
sky, there you will see a sign of eternal glory. This star, which in beauty and
light triumphs over the rotation of the sun, proclaims to earth that God has
come with earthly flesh. Look, Persians come from the part of earth where the
sun makes its entrance, the Magi skilled in interpreting signs come to find the
banner of the King. They ask “where is such a great Ruler of the stars who
commands that the heavens tremble before him, whom the light and sky obey?
The brightness we found will know no end: the most
high, heavenly, infinite, older than heaven and the formless void. This is the
King of the nations, the King of the Jews, promised to Father Abraham and his
seed forever. O Jesus, to you be glory, you who revealed yourself to the
Gentiles, with the Father and loving Spirit for eternal ages. Amen.
Ad Officium lectionis: Prudentius
The
continuation of Quicumque Christum quaeritis.
Magi
vidéntes párvulum
eóa
promunt múnera,
stratíque
votis ófferunt
tus,
myrrham et aurum régium.
Agnósce
clara insígnia
virtútis
ac regni tui,
Puer,
cui trinam Pater
prædestinávit
índolem:
Regem
Deúmque annúntiant
thesáurus
et fragrans odor
turis
Sabæi, at mýrrheus
pulvis
sepúlcrum prædocet.
O
sola magnárum úrbium
maior
Bethlem, cui cóntigit
ducem
salútis cælitus
incorporátum
gígnere!
Hunc
et prophétis téstibus
îsdémque
signatóribus
testátor
et sator iubet
adíre
regnum et cérnere:
Regnum
quod ambit ómnia
dia
et marína et térrea
a
solis ortu ad éxitum
et
tártara et cælum supra.
Iesu,
tibi sit glória,
qui
te revélas géntibus,
cum
Patre et almo Spíritu,
in
sempitérna sæcula. Amen.
The Magi seeing the baby present him with gifts
from the East, prostrate they offer prayers incense, myrrh and gold fit for
kings. Child, recognize these clear signs of your power and your kingdom, to
you the Father predestined a threefold nature. The treasure of gold and the
fragrant smell of the incense of Sheba proclaim you King and God, while the
myrrh dust foretells the tomb. Bethlehem, greater than all great cities, where
the Captain of heavenly salvation took flesh and was born. Here in accord with prophetic testimony and
witness the Father and Testator commands that the kingdom come and be
seen. A kingdom which encompasses all
things, divinity, sea and earth from the rising of the sun to its setting both
the underworld and the heaven above. O
Jesus, to you be glory, you who revealed yourself to the Gentiles, with the
Father and loving Spirit for eternal ages. Amen.
Vesperas II: Sedulius
This hymn continues A solis ortus cardine. The
manifestation of Christ as threefold: to the Gentiles in the Magi; to the Jews
in the baptism of Christ in the Jordan; and to the Apostles at the wedding in
Cana. The three middle stanzas each in turn address the Magi, the Baptism and
Wedding at Cana.
Hostis
Heródes ímpie,
Christum
veníre quid times?
Non
éripit mortália
qui
regna dat cæléstia.
Ibant
magi, qua vénerant
stellam
sequéntes præviam,
lumen
requírunt lúmine,
Deum
faténtur múnere.
Lavácra
puri gúrgitis
cæléstis
Agnus áttigit;
peccáta
quæ non détulit
nos
abluéndo sústulit.
Novum
genus poténtiæ:
aquæ
rubéscunt hýdriæ,
vinúmque
iussa fúndere
mutávit
unda oríginem.
Iesu,
tibi sit glória,
qui
te revélas géntibus,
cum
Patre et almo Spíritu,
in
sempitérna sæcula. Amen.
Why, O impious Herod, do you fear the coming of
Christ? He who gives a heavenly kingdom does not usurp mortal ones. Following
the lead of the star, the Magi came to worship, by light they seek light, by
their gifts they profess him to be God. The heavenly Lamb touched Jordan’s
cleansing waters; by washing he took washed us from sins that were not his own.
A new type of power: the water in the jars becomes red and by his command wine
flows out, its nature transformed. O Jesus, to you be glory, you who revealed
yourself to the Gentiles, with the Father and loving Spirit for eternal ages.
Amen