Monday, May 8, 2017

Honorius of Autun: part II


(4) The Manna, Exod. xvi.

Honorius: col. 904, 'The Lord rained down manna from heaven for the children of Israel, and forbade that any should be saved for the morrow. He was willing to give it anew on the morrow, but the manna. was kept, and it brought forth worms. By the manna Mary is meant, of whom the worm Christ was born. For he himself saith : I am a worm and no man (Ps. xxi). For a man is born by the intercourse of a man and a woman, but Christ was born of a Virgin only, even as a worm is formed out of the mud of the earth.'

This, perhaps the most curious of all symbolic interpretations, can hardly have gained much popularity; but the Virgin is compared in a hymn to the white manna of which' bread sweeter than honey is made, whereon the court of heaven feedeth and likewise the Church '.1 But the bread is here' ‘the Bread of Angels', and the manna is not the manna which preserved in disobedience to the command of the Lord.

            aye manna candiditor,
de qua fit melle dulcior
panis, quo coeli curia
vivit nec non ecclesia.
(Anal. Hymn. xxxv, p, 193)

(5) Gideon's Fleece, Judges vi.

Honorius, co1. 904, 'Gideon, the captain of Israel, spread out a fleece on the threshing-floor, into which the dew descended from heaven, while the threshing-floor remained dry. Again spreading out the fleece, the floor was wet with dew, but the fleece was dry.  This was a sign of the victory of the faithful and of the flight of the enemy. The fleece wet with dew is the holy Virgin, having conceived. The dry threshing-floor is her inviolate virginity. The  floor was on the second occasion wet with dew, because the Church was pregnant with the gifts of the Holy Spirit .... The fleece was dry because the Synagogue was barren and lacked those gifts:

The fleece of wool, the most famous of all the symbols of the virginity of Mary, is often represented in medieval  art; with the Burning Bush, it figures in the thirteenth-century windows at Laon, and on the facade of the Cathedral. With  the story in Judges was associated the verse of Psalm lxxi, which reads in the Vulgate (verse 6), "Descendet sicut pluvia vellus '-' he shall come down like rain into a fleece,' and the ‘Rorate coeli desuper' of Isaiah-' Drop dew, ye heavens fromabove, and let the clouds rain down the just one’.
           
Adam expounds the mystery thus:

tu, perfusa coeli rore,
castitatis salvo flore,
novum florem novo more
protulisti saeculo.

In sequence lxv he combines the symbols of the Fleece and Burning Bush:

            super vellus ros descendens
et in rubo flamma splendens,
                 (neutrum tamen laeditur),
fuit Christus carnem sumens,
in te tamen non consumens
                 pudorem, dum gignitur.


(6) The Rod of Jesse.

Isaiah xi. I 'Et egredietur virga de radice Iesse, et flos de radice eius ascendet.'

Honorius, co!. 904,2 Jesse was the father of King David, who was the root of this sacred stock. From this root David grew as a tree, of which a noble rod sprung, because the Virgin Mary derived her ancestry from his offspring. This rod brought forth a flower, when the Virgin Mary bore Jesus. For he himself saith: "I am the flower of the field and the lily of the valleys" (Cant. ii). A field is soil untilled, that is, an unwedded virgin. This field produced a precious flower when Christ born of a virgin shone forth on the world.'

Adam uses this symbol in his second Sequence, on the Nativity. 'The rod of Jesse flowered. The root brings forth a rod, the rod a flower, the Virgin brings forth the Savior, as the law foretold. The root signifies David, the rod is Mary, who descended from his royal seed; the Child who is born unto us is the flower, rightly likened thereunto for his exceeding loveliness.'  

Similarly in Sequence lxv (55-60).

de te virga progressurum
florem mundo profuturum
   Isaias cecinit,
flore Christum praefigurans
cuius virtus semper durans
    nec coepit, nec desinit.'

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